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They were, by far, the largest and most distant objects that scientists had ever detected: a strip of enormous cosmic clouds some 15 billion light-years from earth.
迄今为止，科学家所发现的最大、最遥远的物体是：离地球大约150亿光年的一块狭长的巨大宇宙云系。
71) But even moreimportant, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past, for whatthey were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago.
更为重要的是，这是科学家们能够观测到的最遥远的过去的景象，因为他们看到的是150亿年前宇宙云的形状和结构。
That was just about the moment that the universe was born.
那大约就是宇宙形成的时候。
What the researchers found was at once both amazing and expected: the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s Cosmic Background Explorer satellite -- Cobe -- had discovered landmark evidence that the universe did in fact begin with the primeval explosion that has become known as the Big Bang (the theory that the universe originated in an explosion from a single mass of energy).
研究人员所发现的宇宙云既令人惊讶，又在人们的意料之中：美国国家航空航天局的Cobe号（宇宙背景探测器）已经发现了划时代的证据，表明宇宙确实起源于最早的一次爆炸，人们称之为"大爆炸"（此理论认为宇宙起源于一大块能量的爆炸）。
72) The existence of the giant clouds was virtually required for the Big Bang, first put forward in the 1920s, to maintain its reign as the dominant explanation of the cosmos.
巨大的宇宙云的存在，实际上是20年代首创的大爆炸论得以保持其宇宙起源论的主导地位不可缺少的。
According to the theory, the universe burst into being as a submicroscopic, unimaginably dense knot of pure energy that flew outward in all directions, emitting radiation as it went, condensing into particles and then into atoms of gas. Over billions of years, the gas was compressed by gravity into galaxies, stars, plants and eventually, even humans.
按照这一理论，宇宙形成于一团亚微观的、密度相当大的纯能量团，它在向四面八方发散的过程中放出辐射线，浓缩成粒子，然后形成气体原子。数十亿年来，这种气体在引力的压缩下形成星系、恒星、植物，甚至最终产生人类。
Cobe is designed to see just the biggest structures, but astronomers would like to see much smaller hot spots as well, the seeds of local objects like clusters and superclusters of galaxies.
设计Cobe卫星就是要观察这些最大的物体结构，但宇航员还想看到更小的热点，即，像星系中的星团和超星团这样一些局部物体的粒子。
They shouldn’t have long to wait.
看来他们不必等待很长时间。
73) Astrophysicists working with ground-based detectors atthe South Pole and balloon-borne instruments are closing in on such structures, and may reporttheir findings soon.
天体物理学家使用南极陆基探测器和球载仪器，正在越来越近地观测这些云系，也许不久会报告他们的观测结果。
74) If the small hot spots look as expected, that will be a triumph for yet another scientific idea, a refinement of the Big Bang called the inflationary universe theory.
假如这些小热点看上去同预计的一致，那就意味着又一种科学论说的胜利，这种论说即更完美的大爆炸论，亦称宇宙膨胀说。
Inflation says that very early on, the universe expanded in size by more than a trillion trillion trillion trillionfold in much less than a second, propelled by a sort of antigravity.
膨胀说认为，很久以前，在一种反引力的驱动下，宇宙的体积在不到一秒钟内膨胀了无数倍。
【现货正版】2021考研英语一二 刘晓艳不就是语法和长难句吗 刘晓艳考研英语语法与长难句 ¥39.8淘宝月销4407购买75) Odd though it sounds, cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary particle physics, and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true.
宇宙膨胀说虽然听似奇特，但是它是基本粒子物理学中一些公认的理论产生的在科学上看来似乎可信的结论。许多天体物理学家近十年来一直确信这一论说是正确的。
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